Public Works Management & Policy current issue

From the Editor

Little, R. G. — 2009-08-25

The Problem With Being Special: Democratic Values and Special Assessments

Kogan, V., McCubbins, M. D. — 2009-08-25

In the face of voter-imposed tax limitations, local governments have adopted ever-more complex financial mechanisms to balance their budgets. Increasingly, municipalities in California have made use of special assessments to finance local infrastructure improvements and other vital government services. These assessments bill property owners for public goods and services in proportion to the "special benefits" that they receive. Because benefit assessments are constitutionally distinct from taxes, the growth in assessment financing has come partly as a direct response to increased constraints on the ability of local governments to raise general taxes. Our contention is that this growth should prove cause for concern due to the unusual combination of social choice pathologies to which special assessments fall vulnerable. Field interviews with public officials and the consultants they call on to help create these assessments suggest that special assessments can indeed pose special democratic problems.

Rethinking Flood Protection: Options and Opportunities for New Orleans

Gordon, P., Little, R. G. — 2009-08-25

Flood protection is often presumed to be a public good and hence a government responsibility. Unfortunately, the full costs of publicly-funded flood control efforts are often obscured. Moreover, reliance on government protection can create false impressions that individual risks have been minimized, thus encouraging more personal and business investment in disaster-prone regions. Reimbursing these losses after a disaster perpetuates a cycle in which resources spent to protect communities from flood damage can instead increase vulnerability and create a climate of "moral hazard" where people fail to take appropriate actions to reduce risk. As New Orleans continues to rebuild from the damage of Hurricane Katrina, there is a need to consider comprehensive approaches that will provide decision makers at all levels with incentives to manage flood risk more effectively. This paper offers guidance for developing more rational, risk-based government policies for flood protection, approaches that could be less costly and place fewer people and their livelihoods at risk.

Public Collaboration in Transportation: A Case Study

Majumdar, S. R., Moynihan, C., Pierce, J. — 2009-08-25

Rapid population growth, traffic congestion and air pollution from automobiles have made Environmental Protection Agency to designate Denton County as part of the Dallas - Fort Worth 8-hour non-attainment area. In 2001, county residents and elected officials petitioned the Texas Legislature to create the Denton County Transportation Authority (DCTA). In 2002, DCTA was created through a countywide election to provide environment friendly public transportation services. Soon DCTA embarked on a plan for collaboration with the public and various stakeholders. In this case study, efforts have been made to understand the reasons behind DCTA's plan for collaboration, the initiatives it undertook and the public's perception of such collaborative efforts. Based on evidences, it has been concluded that even a well designed plan of interaction can have structural flaws. Such flaws coupled with lack of understanding of local history can impede the establishment of a meaningful partnership with the local community.

Characterization of Network Topology to Support Infrastructure Asset Management

Garland, A., Flintsch, G., Garvin, M. J., Sotelino, E. — 2009-08-25

Recent advances in network theory hold promise for improving how infrastructure managers make decisions about their portfolio of assets. A framework that incorporates contemporary perspectives of networks is presented, which permits modeling the topology of an infrastructure network. The framework is capable of characterizing the components of the overall system and subnetworks and the direct and indirect interactions among these components. This framework is applied to a transportation system, which allows the authors to investigate the importance of the various components as elements of a complex network and use this data to support transportation asset management. The study shows that the links determine how the infrastructure network grows and that problems like congestion can be addressed by analyzing other factors related to topology, such as speed, unit size, and lane width. The proposed methodology appears promising as an asset management tool.

Book Review: Melosi, M. V. (2008). The Sanitary City: Environmental Services in Urban America From Colonial Times to the Present. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press

Garvin, M. J. — 2009-08-25